Clarke, Lane Whitney, and Audrey Bartholomew. “Digging Beneath the Surface: Analyzing the Complexity of Instructors’ Participation in Asynchronous Discussion”. Online Learning 18, no. 3 (August 25, 2014). Accessed March 28, 2026. https://olj.onlinelearningconsortium.org/index.php/olj/article/view/414.