The Efficiency of Telelearning

Authors

  • Jef Moonen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v1i2.1935

Keywords:

Efficiency, Telelearning, Costs, Cost-Effectiveness, Distance Education, Quality

Abstract

Telelearning relates to "making connections among people and resources, via communication technologies, for learning-related purposes". Telelearning as a general term includes asynchronous learning activities; in all cases efficiency is an important construct. Efficiency is defined as the relation between costs and effects/quality. An educational system is said to be "efficient" when an optimum balance is found between minimizing the costs and maximizing the effects/quality. This balance is often difficult to obtain, for an example, when the opportunity for direct contact between tutor and tutee through telecommunications facilities can lead not only to beneficial learning and social effects but also to a large amount of messages and a huge time investment by tutors/tutees, leading to an uncontrollable rise in costs. Measuring the effect/quality of telelearning has its own methodological problems and therefore it is difficult to come up with viable and reliable data. How to deal with the efficiency problem is illustrated in the article based upon literature research and data from a recent project executed in the context of the telematics research program of the European Union.

References

Sommers, M. (1996). Kreukloos in een kreukbare tijd. Volkskrant, 13 April 1996, Vervolg, p.5.

Levin, H.M. (1983). Cost-effectiveness: A primer. Beverly Hill, CA: Sage.

Woodhall, M. (1987). Cost-effectiveness analysis in education. In G. Psacharopoulos (Ed.), Economics of education: Research and studies (pp 348-350). Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Collis, B. (1996). Tele-Learning: From Television to the World Wide Web and Beyond. London: International Thomson Computer.

Bates, A.W. (1995). Technology, open learning and distance education. London: Routledge.

Danish Ministry of Education (1993). Technology-supported learning. Report nr. 1253. Copenhagen: Ministry of Education Publishing Office.

Cuban, L. (1986). Teachers and machines: The classroom use of technology since 1920. New York: Teachers College Press.

Kulik, C.C, & Kulik, J.A. (1991). Effectiveness of computer-based instruction: An updated analysis. Computer in Human Behavior, 7, 75-94.

Clark, R.E. (Ed.) (1990). Instructional media and technology research. International Journal of Educational Research, 14(6), 487-579.

McNeil, B.J., & Nelson, K.R. (1991). Meta-analysis of interactive video instruction: A 10 year review of achievement effects. Journal of Computer-Based Instruction, 18(1), 1-6.

Niemiec, R.P., & Walberg, H.J. (1992). The effects of computers on learning. International Journal of Educational Research, 17(1), 99-108.

Russell, T. L. (1996). The 'No significant difference' phenomenon. [WWW document]. URL http://tenb.mta.ca/phenom/phenom.html

Collis, B. (1993). Telecommunications applications in education: A research taxonomy. Australian Educational Computing, 8(1), 1-11.

Curran, C. (1994). The potential cost effectiveness of tertiary open and distance learning. Final Report. Heerlen, PO Box 2960, The Netherlands: European Association of Distance Teaching Universities.

European Associaion of Distance Teaching Universities (1993). Telematic Networks for Open & Distance Learning in the Tertiary Sector. Heerlen: EADTU Secretariat. PO Box 2096, 9401 DL Heerlen, The Netherlands.

Taylor, J.C., & White, V.J. (1991). The evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of multi-media mixed-mode teaching and learning. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.

Jones, J.I., & Simonson, M. (1993). Distance education: A cost analysis. Paper presented at the 1993 Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology, New Orleans, USA.

Moonen, J. (1995). Visions versus reality: Some evidence about costs from Europe-wide flexible and distance learning projects. Paper presented at the Online Berlin Conference, November 24-25, 1995.

Wetterling, J. (1996). Decision making and educational media. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Enschede: University of Twente, Faculty of Educational Science and Technology.

Keskinen, R. (Ed.) (1995). How can good organization be established for a Trans-European tele-learning course, to support different actors'needs? In Köhler, H. & Collis, B. (Eds.) (1995), Issues Relating to Trans-European Course Delivery and Implementation Strategies: The Final Research Report of the Telescopia Project WP1.6. Bonn: Deutsche Telekom.

Worthen, B.R., Van Dusen, L.M., & Sailor, P.J. (1994). A comparative study of the impact of integrated learning systems on students' time-on-task. International Journal of Educational Research, 21(1), 25-37.

Clark, R.E., & Sugrue, B.M. (1990). North American disputes about research on learning from media. International Journal of Educational Research, 14(6), 507-520.

Inspectie Hoger Onderwijs (1990). De studielast in de eerste fase van het wetenschappelijk onderwijs (The study load in the first phase of university education). Zoetermeer: Ministerie van Onderwijs en Wetenschappen.

Jensen, H.S. (1993). Two points on the economics of educational technology. In Proceedings COSTEL Workshop, Copenhagen Business School, January 11-12, 1993.

Köhler, H. & Collis, B. (Eds.) (1995). Issues Relating to Trans-European Course Delivery and Implementation Strategies: The Final Research Report of the Telescopia Project WP1.6. Bonn: Deutsche Telekom.

Downloads

Published

2019-03-19

Issue

Section

Empirical Studies